行走大运河｜“京杭大运河之父”郭守敬：度越千古耀星河

Traversing the Grand Canal

Guo Shoujing—“The Father of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal”: Transcending Ages, Shining Through History

曹铮；肖煜

Zheng Cao, Yu Xiao

郭守敬设计并主持修建了通惠河，使江南漕粮得以北上，直达京城，对河湖水系的规划整治成为奠定城市文脉基本格局的空前壮举。

Guo Shoujing designed and directed the construction of the Tonghui River, making it possible to transport the tribute grain in the south of the Yangtze River to Beijing, the capital of China. His planning and regulation of the lake water systems was an unparalleled feat that laid the foundation for a basic pattern of urban context.

元代以前的大运河形成于隋唐，以洛阳、开封等为节点，向北京、杭州两个方向展开，略呈弓形分布。元代郭守敬通过山东段运河的开凿，使京杭之间不再绕道洛阳，航道被拉直和缩短，此后形成了京杭大运河。

Before the Yuan Dynasty, the Grand Canal was formed in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It extended arched from Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in the south, with Luoyang, Kaifeng, and other cities as transportation hubs. In the Yuan Dynasty, Guo Shoujing excavated the canal in the Shandong section, straightening and significantly shortening the journey between Beijing and Hangzhou, thus eliminating the detour via Luoyang.

“郭守敬通过对隋唐大运河的截弯取直，使京杭之间的水路运输行程缩短近800公里。此外，他还设计并亲自主持了通惠河的修建，使漕粮可以直运京城……”元代采用“闸化运道”的方法控制大运河水位实现逆水行舟。

“By straightening the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, Guo Shoujing shorted the waterway distance between Beijing and Hangzhou by about 800 kilometers. Besides, he designed and personally supervised the construction of the Tonghui River, allowing the tribute grain to be directly transported to Beijing.” In the Yuan Dynasty, the method of “lock-and-dam system” was adopted to control the water level to achieve sailing against the current.

来源：河北日报

Source: https://hbrb.hebnews.cn/pc/paper/c/202012/28/content_68244.html

发表时间：2020年12月28日

Date: December 28, 2020

检索：江文灿

翻译：沈怡洁

一审：黎翔宇，杨雨茹

二审：彭 莉

三审：罗玲娟

上传发布：姜浩