空间异质性建成环境对地铁与公交换乘客流的影响

李想¹，晏启鹏^1,3，骆晨^*2

Influence of Spatial Heterogeneity Built Environment on the Passenger Flow of Subway-Bus Transfer

Li Xiang¹, Yan Qipeng^1,3, Luo Chen^*2

摘 要：地铁与常规公交换乘的出行方式成为人口密集型城市的主要出行方式，探究二者换乘模式的影响因素有助于提高公共交通分担率。本文采用 AFC 数据与 AVL 数据，识别地铁-公交、公交-地铁两种模式的换乘客流。以地铁站点为核心，围绕站点周边开发程度、交通系统、城市设计、地铁网络结构特征 4 个维度构建地铁站点建成环境指标体系。利用多尺度地理加权回归模型（MGWR）探究城市建成环境对地铁-公交与公交-地铁两种换乘模式的影响机理及其尺度

效应，并以成都市为对象进行实证研究。研究结果表明：(1) MGWR 模型能够反映不同建成环境要素与 M-B、B-M 方式间依赖关系的空间异质性与作用尺度差异性，估计结果优于全局 OLS模型与 GWR 模型；(2)建成环境要素对公交与地铁换乘客流的影响效应存在空间异质性，公交线路数量空间异质性最为显著，非机动车道密度、土地利用混合度、地铁线路数量空间异质性较弱；（3）不同建成环境要素对换乘客流的影响效果具有差异性，公交站点数量与线路数量影响程度对换乘客流促进作用较大，而非机动车道密度则有明显的抑制作用。

关键词：城市交通；空间异质性；多尺度地理加权回归模型；地铁-公交换乘；建成环境

Abstract: The subway-bus transfer has become the main mode of transportation in densely populated cities. Exploring the influencing factors of the transfer mode can help improve the sharing rate of public transportation. This paper uses AFC data and AVL data to identify the passenger flow of subway-bus and bus-subway transfer Taking subway station as the core, a subway station construction environment indicator system is constructed around four dimensions: the degree of development around the station, transportation system, urban design, and the structural characteristics of the subway network. Using the multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) explores the impact mechanism and scale effect of urban built environment on the two transfer modes and conducting empirical research studies Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The results show that: (1) MGWR model can reflect the spatial heterogeneity and the difference of action scale between different built environment elements and M-B and B-M modes. The estimation results are better than those of global OLS model and GWR model; (2) There is spatial heterogeneity in the impact of built environment factors on the passenger flow of bus and subway transfer. The spatial heterogeneity of the number of bus routes is the most significant, while the spatial heterogeneity of the density of non-motorized lanes, the mixing degree of land use, and the number of subway lines is weak; (3) The impact of different built environmental factors on passenger flow varies, with the number of bus stops and routes having a crucial impact on passenger flow, while the density of non-motorized lanes has a important inhibitory effect.

Keywords: urban transportation; spatial heterogeneity; multi-scale geographic weighted regression model; subway-bus transfer; built environment

来源：《交通运输系统工程与信息》

发表时间：2023-04-28

检索：颜彬彬

翻译：朱金平

一审：许晓雪

二审：彭莉

三审：罗玲娟

上传发布：姜浩