后乌克兰危机时代国际铁路货物联运发展展望

Prospects for the Development of International Combined Railway Freight Transport in the Era of Post-Ukrainian Crisis

中欧班列运输通道受乌克兰危机的影响，稳定性与可靠性出现了更多不确定因素。中欧班列沿线国家中，俄罗斯、乌克兰、波兰、白俄罗斯、德国、立陶宛六国运量和地位较为关键。

The CHINA RAILWAY Express (CR Express) has witnessed more uncertainties in stability and reliability in the aftermath of the Ukrainian Crisis. Among the countries along the CR Express route, six countries play predominant roles in the light of their capacity which are Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Belarus, Germany and Lithuania.

乌克兰危机初期，中欧班列在线路、货源、境外运费支付、物流节点建设等方面受到一定影响，相关方通过协调解决结算问题、进一步提高服务质量、强化运输组织保障、加强回程货源组织、开通新的班列线路等措施加以解决。

In the early stage, seeing that the CR Express had encountered obstacles in aspects of the route, supply of goods, outbound freight payment and logistics node construction, the related parties settled problems by virtue of coordinated payment, enhanced service quality, strengthened transport organizational guarantee, reinforced organizational system of the return containers and newly-opened railway routes.

乌克兰危机后，亚欧大陆铁路轨距标准对接难度进一步加大，俄罗斯国际物流格局发生重大变化，中欧班列南通道发展迅速。中欧班列方面，不确定性有所增加，中俄班列以及中俄间回程班列比重和数量加大。

After the Ukraine Crisis, the docking railway standard gauges in Eurasia have experienced increased difficulties. Meanwhile, Russia's international logistics pattern has undergone major changes while the south route of the CR Express has seen rapid development. Furthermore, the CR Express has a rise of uncertainties with more and a higher proportion of China-Russia express trains and return trains.

因此，建议通过加强中俄铁路国际联运能力建设、围绕中俄合作领域加强国际铁路联运重点物资运输、根据贸易情况调整集装箱班列的发展重点、加强中老铁路国际货物联运地位等措施解决目前存在的问题。

Therefore, it is recommended that the existing problems be sorted by dint of intensified capacity building of the international China-Russia railway combined transport and strengthened transportation of key-point products around the fields of China-Russia cooperation. Also, adjusting the focus of container trains in accordance with trade situations as well as highlighting the status of China-Laos railways in the international combined railways freight transport can also add some help to problem settlement.

［关 键 词］ 后乌克兰危机时代；国际铁路货物联运；中欧班列；发展对策

Key words: Post-Ukrainian Crisis Era; International combined railway freight transport; CHINA RAILWAY Express (CR Express); Development measures

来源:东北亚经济研究. 2022,6(06)

发表时间：2022-11-28

后乌克兰危机时代国际铁路货物联运发展展望 - 中国知网 (cnki.net)

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