城市轨道车轮结构振动-声辐射一体化优化方法
文永蓬，刘跃杰，周月，圣小珍
摘要：为了降低城市轨道车辆的车轮结构噪声，以服役的双S型辐板车轮为研究对象，建立了考虑振动与声辐射融合的城市轨道车轮结构噪声优化模型，获得了一种自上而下呈不等厚征辐板的新型降噪车轮廓形，提出了以轨道车轮辐板域为设计域的车轮结构振动-声辐射一体化优化方法。研究结果表明：车轮结构振动-声辐射一体化优化方法适用于降噪车轮的结构廓形优化；优化后车轮峰值声功率级较原双S型车轮降低了4.26 dBA，在0~5 000 Hz频段范围内声功率级峰值处降噪效果明显；从辐板结构特征上看，双S型车轮的辐板由优化前的基本等厚辐板进化为不等厚辐板，车轮辐板的不等厚特征有利于降低车轮的声辐射水平，从车轮的经济和降噪性能兼顾的角度，建议采用不等厚辐板车轮廓形作为轨道车轮降噪模型。
关键词：车辆工程；城市轨道车轮；噪声；结构优化；声辐射；车轮廓形
Integrated Optimization Method for Vibration and Noise Radiation of Urban Rail Vehicle Wheel Structure
Wen Yongpeng, Liu Yuejie, Zhou Yue, Shen Xiaozhen
Abstract:To reduce the wheel structure noise of urban rail vehicles, a structural noise optimization model for urban rail vehicle wheels considering vibration and sound radiation was established based on the in-service double S-spoke wheels. A new noise-reducing wheel profile with non-uniform thickness spoke plates was obtained, and an integrated optimization method for wheel structure vibration and sound radiation was proposed with the spoke domain as the design domain. The research results show that the integrated optimization method for wheel structure vibration and sound radiation is suitable for the structural profile optimization of noise-reducing wheels. The peak sound power level of the optimized wheel is reduced by 4.26 dBA compared with the original double S-spoke wheel, and the noise reduction effect is significant at the peak sound power level in the frequency range of 0-5000 Hz. From the perspective of spoke structure characteristics, the spoke plates of the double S-spoke wheel evolved from the basic uniform thickness spoke plates to non-uniform thickness spoke plates after optimization, which is beneficial to reduce the sound radiation level of the wheel. From the perspective of both economic and noise reduction performance of the wheel, it is recommended to use the non-uniform thickness spoke wheel profile as the noise reduction model for rail vehicle wheels.
Keywords: vehicle engineering; urban rail vehicle wheels; noise; structural optimization; sound radiation; wheel profile
来源：交通运输工程学报
发表时间：2023-05-25
检索：孙莎莎
翻译：罗阳
一审：谢鑫飞
二审：彭莉
三审：罗玲娟
上传发布：姜浩
